What is globalization? - Kim minjun

 1)

To understand the context of what globalization is, consider what is presented in the works of Roland Robertson and Kathleen E. White. This article covers various perspectives on globalization and discussions on definitions. The definition of subdivision varies, and opinions within and outside the academic world differ. In this article, we can grasp many perspectives on globalization. Globalization is treated as a complex and multidimensional phenomenon, not just a concept. This is done in many aspects, including economics, politics, culture, and society, and it relates to various topics. The definition of globalization varies, and from one point of view, it can focus on the economic side, and from another point of view, it can be viewed as related to the areas of culture, politics, society, and so on. This diversity further complicates the understanding of globalization. The concept of globalization changes and develops with the times. In the late 1980s and early 1990s, the focus was mainly on the economic side, which was related to economic policies such as free markets and deregulation. Since then, however, research and interest in various social science fields have expanded. It is important to consider various academic perspectives and horizons to reflect this. In addition, globalization research is conducted around the world, and various opinions and perspectives exist and discussions are ongoing. Globalization can be understood not as a single process but as a plural process. This is an important approach to considering different aspects from different social science perspectives, and to analyze globalization using different theories and concepts. Globalization (initially globalization) is a concept that describes the process of increasing global connectivity or interconnectedness, and to understand this, parameters include increased connectivity and the cultural-social-political-economic dimension. One of the main features of globalization is the increase in connectivity. This can occur in many aspects, including economy, culture, society and politics, and promotes the movement of information, capital, people, goods and services worldwide. This increases interdependence among the various regions and countries on the planet, and influences the formation of a globally integrated economic system. The United Nations considers it to be the most representative example of the globalization of politics. Through international organizations and agreements, we strive to strengthen cooperation on various international issues and expand our influence on the international political stage. At the same time, non-governmental organizations and civil society organizations have more influence on international policy. It also increases economic interdependence and increases activity in international trade, investment, and financial markets on the economic front. Multinational corporations and global supply chains have a significant impact on the global economy, with varying effects on economic growth and development. Understanding globalization is important for preparing and responding to changes and challenges worldwide. Discussions about the form of globalization still continue. Typically, Wallerstein does not acknowledge the concept of globalization, but argues that the world could have become a single 'system' in the various ways he has studied. It proposes a multidimensional perspective that considers various aspects of the country, ideology, organization, religion, identity, and the international system. It also describes the concept of a nation-state. It emphasizes that the nation-state is an important aspect of globalization, and mentions that interactions with the nation-state shape and influence globalization. It also covers discussions on multicultural society and identity issues. On the other hand, it is argued that globalization from a personal perspective does not only see globalization as a macroscopic economic process, but also affects individual identity and life. It discusses issues related to self-identity, the Internet and connectivity, and the relationship between diversity and similarity. It also mentions that the current international system is undergoing various changes and fluctuations, and covers U.S. domination, the possibility of an end, and environmental issues. We think of global and local as different binary concepts, but in this article we argue that we should be careful about this perspective. Globalization is complicated. In this article, the concept of diffusion theory is presented, which deals with the way ideas and practices spread from one region to another, and explains that they are related to globalization. When presenting a critical view of globalization, the article argues that more sophisticated systems should be used and effective and persuasive critical analysis should be conducted rather than undisciplined criticism.

2) 

What was most interesting after reading this article was Willustein's perspective on globalization. Willustein has shown no appreciation for globalization, which sees the world as a single economic system and emphasizes the interaction and competition of countries and regions within this system. Willustein explained the concept of region by dividing it into a key region with strong influence and a weaker outer region. Wallerstein argues that in the global system, external regions are economically subordinated to the core regions and that this dependency maintains inequality and poverty. This leaves Wallerstein with no positive view of globalization, which he sees as a result of deepening economic inequality and increasing the benefits of the "core" region. Examples of this were references to the Soviet Communist Party and German fascism. I think the same is true now. Centering on the superpower of the United States, we have achieved globalization to this day with a sense of cultural extremism toward the Western world. Currently, K-pop and K-drama also show a form that is gradually following the American form. After reading this article, I came to think that the appearance of external areas affected by the core areas claimed by Willustein is globalization. 

3)

Some of the main topics covered in this article relate to the definition, understanding, theory, and the development of various academic fields dealing with it. Globalization is difficult to define in a single way and must be approached from multiple contexts and perspectives. The content of this article seems to be aimed at expanding the understanding of globalization and inducing discussion. What was regrettable about this article was the lack of presenting specific examples of how globalization actually affects various aspects of culture and economy.