What is globalization?GUAN RUI

 Globalization is a trend where the connections between countries around the world are becoming increasingly close. We can think of it as a vast network, with countries becoming more integrated through trade, technology, and cultural exchanges. For example, many of the products we use every day may be designed in one country, produced in another, and then shipped to yet another for sale—this is the effect of economic globalization.

In addition to economic ties, cultures are also influencing each other through the process of globalization. For instance, we might watch American TV shows, listen to Korean pop music, or eat Japanese sushi—all examples of cultural globalization. At the same time, the development of technology has accelerated all of this, with the internet facilitating the rapid spread of information and technology.

However, globalization is not without its challenges. For example, it can sometimes widen the gap between rich and poor or cause local cultures to be impacted by foreign influences. But overall, globalization has made the world more interconnected, deepening the interdependence between countries.

From an economic perspective, globalization refers to the free flow of production, trade, investment, finance, and technology across the globe, which is sometimes referred to by economists as "economic integration." Multinational corporations are important symbols of economic integration. Economist Theodore Levitt, for instance, views globalization as the globalization of markets and trade, emphasizing the economic aspect of this phenomenon. From a political perspective, economic globalization is primarily seen as a process of capitalist expansion, or even Americanization. From a cultural perspective, globalization refers to the global integration of different civilizations and the worldwide dissemination of various forms of knowledge and culture. Additionally, some scholars provide a definition of globalization from a sociological standpoint. German sociologist Ulrich Beck argues that globalization refers to people's everyday actions, which can be felt across different domains such as economics, information, ecology, and technology, transcending cultural conflicts and civil society, and gradually losing the constraints of national borders." His interpretation has had a significant influence in Western academic circles.

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